Networking Operating System

What is Networking Operating System?

Unlike operating systems, such a windows that are designed for single users to control one computer network operating systems (NOS) coordinate the activities of multiple computers across a network. The network operating system acts as a director to keep the network running smoothly.

The two major types of network operating systems are

1.    Peer-to-Peer

2.    Client/server

1.     Peer-to-Peer

Peer-to-peer networking provides a simple, low-cost method for connecting personal computers in situations where you want to share files and other resources such as a printer. Peer-to-peer networking does not require a server, meaning the added expense of a powerful computer to act as a server and a network operating system for the server is avoided in this approach to creating small networks.

A peer computer basically acts as both a client and a server computer. Peer computers can access resources on the network, and they can supply resources to other peer computers.

   The only requirements for building a peer-to-peer network include installing an operating system on the PCs that supports peer-to-peer networking and then physically connecting the PCs.

Advantages of Peer-to-Peer Network

•       Less initial expense-- No need for dedicated server.
•       Setup – An operating system (Such as windows XP) already in place may only need to be reconfigured for Peer-to-Peer operations.

Disadvantages of Peer-to-Peer Network

•       Decentralized – no central repository for files and applications.
•       Security – Does not provide the security.

2.     Client/server

Client/Server network operating system allows the network to centralize functions and applications in one or more dedicate files servers. The file servers become the heart of the system, providing access to resources and providing security. Individual workstations (Client) have access to resources available on the file servers.

A server, on the other hand, is typically a much more powerful computer that runs a network operating system. The server provides centralized administration of the network and serves up the resources that are available on the network, such as printers and files. The administrator of the server decides who can and cannot log on the network and which resources the various can access.

Advantages of Client/Server Network

•      Centralizes–Recourses and data security are controlled through the server.
•      Scalability – Any or all elements can be replaced individually as needs

           increase.

•      Flexibility – New technology can be easily integrated into system.

Disadvantages of Client/Server Network

•       Expense – requires initial investment in dedicated server.
•       Maintenance – Large network will require a staff to ensure efficient operation.
•